How should the voltage or reactive power schedule be specified by the Transmission Operator (TOP)?

The Transmission Operator (TOP) is responsible for maintaining the reliability and security of the transmission system. When determining how to specify the voltage or reactive power schedule, there are specific requirements and standards that should be adhered to.

Providing the schedule and directing compliance in the Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) is the most effective approach because it allows the TOP to ensure that the voltage levels are maintained correctly and consistently across the system. By setting a predefined schedule for voltage or reactive power, the TOP can optimize the operation of the interconnected grid, reduce the risk of voltage instability, and enable generators to respond automatically without needing constant manual intervention.

Utilizing the AVR simplifies the task for generator operators, as it allows for real-time adjustments based on system conditions, maximizing efficiency and reliability. This method directly engages the technologies designed to manage voltage and reactive power, ensuring that the required system performance is achieved while minimizing operational discrepancies.

In contrast, the other approaches lack the systematic control or coordination necessary to ensure optimal system performance. Coordination with the generator operator for economic dispatch may overlook the technical aspects of voltage control, while instructing the generator operator to adjust voltage manually can lead to inconsistencies and delays. Providing only a real power schedule neglects the important role that reactive power plays in